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The following table shows the conjugation of sollen:
As said before the modal müssen
and sollen are quite close. The distinction in the quantity
of force is the same in English and in German. Also
the distinction in means of politeness.
| sollen |
 |
sollen is
used when there is not sufficient "force"
to use müssen. Advises are given with
sollen: |
| |
Du
solltest Deine Blumen gießen.
= You should water your flowers. |
|
| |
Das
sollte man nicht tun.
= One shouldn't do this. |
|
| |
sollen is used to express
doubts |
|
| |
Das
sollte so in Ordnung sein.
= That should be ok that way. |
|
|
For your comparison the use of müssen
in contrast to sollen:
| müssen
|
 |
The fact
that there is no alternative may result from
a logical consequence, the law or a natural
force. |
| |
Er
muss mehr lernen, wenn er die Prüfung
bestehen will.
= He has to study, if he wants to pass the
exam. |
|
| |
Damit Wasser zu Eis
wird, muss die Temperatur unter Null Grad
sinken.
= For turning water to ice, the temperature
has to be below zero. |
|
| |
In Kontinentaleuropa
muss man rechts fahren.
= In continental Europe you have to drive
on the right side. |
|
|
| ambiguous
cases |
 |
In
comparison to English the present of sollen
is still used. In English the conjunctive
is more often used than not. Since the English
to must / to have to
does not have a distinctive conjunctive
the conjunctive of shall is used in its place. |
| |
Du sollst
es ihm sagen.
= You shall tell him. / You should tell him.
|
|
| |
Du musst es ihm sagen.
= You have to tell him. |
|
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Du
müsstest es
wissen.
= You should know. |
|
| |
Du solltest es wissen.
= You should know. |
|
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